I recently had to take out the battery of my laptop. It is now back inside, but since then it no longer works without a cable and as soon as I start it up it switches off after a minute?
Take the battery out again, check all connections and remove any dust if necessary
(Disconnect laptop from power, remove battery, 10 sec power button to discharge)
I hope you didn't drop the battery on the floor, otherwise the case would be clear.