How can I transfer all data from the laptop to an HDD so that I can simply boot from it at some point and then have exactly everything as on the laptop?
Acronis
I use Clonezilla. The Clonzilla iso file (e.g. From the chip website) is written on a USB stick or on a CD. This loads and you can then make a 1: 1 copy of a disk. The target plate must be the same or larger than the source plate.
Hdclone (computer image)
There are various options here. Clonezilla has already been mentioned; I use a Linux live system (Knoppix) and dd or Ddrescue. (However, these are "console programs" without a graphical user interface.)
Could have saved me time if you also mentioned that you need an Nvidia graphic card for this
How did you come up with that? I secure a handful of laptops with Clonezilla and none of them have Nvidia graphics.
How do I get it? I wanted to boot from USB normally, and there were a couple of error codes, after a long search in google I need an nvidia graphics card to fix the error.
