Should I partition my 512 Gb hard drive in my laptop or not? What are the pros? What not?
You shouldn't.
It is so small anyway and modern operating systems no longer need it.
If it's your system disk, don't do that!
Cons: You can no longer save such large files on it, for example if you have a 512GB file.
Per:
You can make it clearer, share individual partitions in the network, keep everything a little cleaner. I divided a 16TB HDD into 19 partitions because I can handle it well
Is my C record…
Then don't do that. It is then too small
It depends on what you are up to. But 512 GB is not really worth it. The advantage of having your own system partition is that you can simply format it without losing other data if you have a stubborn virus or Windows is in the can.
If you _ONLY have a hard drive, NO PARTITION because Windows needs the free space, otherwise Windows zickt with every download or update!
It is best to buy 120GB SSd which are quite cheap and it is easy to install them if your laptop has space for it and your Windows starts faster and then you can partition the 512Gb hard drive e.g. 250GB for programs and the rest for games and etc.
the question is WHY do you want to partition it?
As TheNewGuy1312 already wrote: at 512GB this is actually a bit borderline. The advantage of a new installation is of course that no / hardly any files are lost. Which of course relaxes when you don't have to play huge games with a slow internet connection.
On the other hand, it can happen that your system partition (C) suddenly becomes too small. So if you want to have another drive apart from C, I would rather recommend a second physical one.