Suppose: There's a house that has Internet access. In this house there are several Wi-Fi adapters / routers (or similar I'm not familiar with the exact names), but all have the same public IP address (the house). With each adapter, e.g. 5 devices / systems connected.
I use e.g. The device / system A and log me on the Wi-Fi Router 1 in the Internet. Publicly I will thus have the same IP address as Person X, who logs in via the router 2. But: What is communicated to a website externally?
1) If I visit an Internet address now, this can only see my public IP address and e.g. Not to differentiate between me and person X?
2) Is it somehow possible to say from the outside that I'm I and not Person X? How does this work?
3) Or is that only possible if you contact my ISP?
4) Or hack into the router / log in, anyway?
I read somewhere that somewhere all connections including MAC addresses of the devices / systems are secured. Let's stay with the structure described above: According to Google, both the routers and PCs have MAC addresses. Where is the outside access? What / which of both addresses secures my Internet provider and which of the routers? And also secures one of both, e.g. All account data with which I logged in somewhere (for example at Girlfriend.net)?
5) Is it theoretically possible for a dangerous website to find out not only my public IP address, but also the address of the router and my laptop? And then the name of my PC, that of my user account or my first name?
Servers only recognize your external, public IP address when accessing it - not your internal one. The same applies to the MAC address.
You can, for example, detect via browser properties. This has nothing to do with the IP and the Internet connection. You could just go to the Wi-Fi at a friend's site and the web pages could recognize you by the browser's features. In contrast, for example, A private window of the browser you are using.
However, in none of these ways is it possible to identify you as a person. One identifies only the technology used, not who uses it. In the case of an ad, a public prosecutor may ask your provider to return the address to the IP. The one who has concluded the contract with the provider is then "due" here.
The router has a public IP, which handles the communication with "the Internet", and a private network (about 192.168.x.x). The router "knows" from which private IP a request comes to the Internet and sends the answer back to exactly the private IP. "The Internet" sees only the public IP of the router, so it is not immediately possible to differentiate between you and person X from the outside.
That's why you should secure your private network because you are responsible for what is being done through your public IP.
Thank you. Somehow I still have questions:
"and a private network (vermietl 192.168.x.x)"
I have tested that, and strangely, that's not quite true. Please note the structure described above. The main router has a network that connects to several sub-routers (and so to the Internet). I connect with one of these subroutines. However, each Unterrouter knows its own 192.168 … Address on… Here I already have my problems to understand the whole… Now knows the main router from which subroutine a request originates or from which of the devices connected to this subroutine?
"so it is not immediately possible from the outside"
What does immediate mean? Is it theoretically possible to obtain information from outside?
Saves a subroutine access or the main router? If you have access to one of them, can you get information? How would that work?
"In the case of an ad, a prosecutor can"
Is it somehow possible to get information about me using my IP address?
Oh yes: From the outside so you can "just" find out my public IP address? And do such surveys really exist, like the ones I've read about? If so, where are they stored and how safe are they or what does this security depend on?
No. Unless you give anything of yours on the internet price.
OK.
I've read somewhere that an Internet provider all data (ie Internet calls and what MAC address they requested) save. Is that correct?
No, not so. Please inform yourself about the data retention:
https://www.bussgeldkatalog.org/vorratsdatenspeicherung/
Thank you. Do you also happen to know how it is in other countries? That might explain my confusion.
Germany is an exception - still. But what about storage in other countries. How exactly is data stored? If e.g. In the Netherlands the internet calls and the requesting MAC address are stored?
Distinguish between a router in the network technical context and the jargon term, which unfortunately has crept in and confusion. You probably only have one router and several access points. If you had multiple routers, the connected devices could not easily communicate and the one who set it up should know.
The router does NAT, NetworkAddressTranslation, also known as masquerading in case you want to do it yourself.
Thank you. That will be true. So that means that anyone outside the network can only see that the request came from this network, not from which of the many access points? Data about it stores only the AccessPoint or the Internet offerer (if I would live for example in Switzerland)? And you can't get it that easy? So it is not possible that e.g. A hacker calls me the name of my PC?
Yes and no. The AccessPoints and the router usually do not save. You may be able to turn on logging on the router. The internet service provider can't easily "look into" your network and will guard against opening your Internet access, not only for privacy reasons, but above all because it requires very large storage volumes. The provider records when the house has which IP address, in case complaints or advertisements come. From what device in the house, the request does not see the provider, unless the device reveals that has already explained to you threadi.
