At my desk I have a desktop pc with monitor, mouse, keyboard…
how can I simplify my laptop s.der external components instead of my pc the easiest way to change without annoying?
You will have to change it. For some notebooks, there are "docking stations" that you can leave on your desk and cabled there, then you just need to "dock" the notebook there and not re-plug all cables again.
Without docking if possible because it is a business device…
Would a change to wireless (keyboard and mouse) bring something and then the monitor via HDMI switch?