How can I tell if a laptop has more power?

I don't know anything about laptops!

So, I want to buy a new laptop because my various keys are broken and the screen flickers in certain colors.

I use my laptop for studying (Internet, Powerpoint, Word etc) and to play Minecraft and Trackmania. I do not need more!

Now I would like a strong upgrade and now the question is how can I see if a laptop is faster than mine? Space is enough for me, but what do I have to compare in terms of speed?

RAM, CPU and GPU. Although the GPU is probably irrelevant to you.

The best ne good graphics card so 2-4 GB should be enough and RAM 8-16 GB

Intel i5-i9 should already be on board

And SSD or at least sshd

What does it all stand for?

You have to compare the following things:

CPU: the higher the better. The key figure helps. For example, a Ryzen 3 1200 is slower than a Ryzen 5 3600. The same applies to Intel CPUs.
If you want to play, you should buy an AMD Ryzen processor with Vega APU.
RAM size and type. It should be DDR4 RAM. 8GB is the minimum.
Hard disk / SSD: Is there something of "HDD 7200 rpm" or similar, fingers away! If there's something from "SSD", it is the right one. If it says "eMMC", you should rather leave your fingers away. 250 GB is the minimum.
The rest is pretty much your personal taste.

Thanks, I think I can work with that!

For example cpu: Core / Threads for example with Intel 8/16 that are 8 cores with 16 threads, each core can do 2 tasks, so much the better.

but there are also other factors

with GPU: graphics memory is one of the most important

Ram, DDR 3, 4, the higher the newer, 8GB, 16GB the more the better

these are actually the main factors, if you have a HDD installed, a notebook with a SSD would be a lot faster.

had to compare with your hardware, but with what you do, one is enough for about 600 euro

Ram memory, cpu processor, gpu graphics card

Ram should be ddr4 with 8gb. Gpu is the more difficult thing here, because it is difficult to find out what a good gpu is, the best thing to do is make sure that the gddr5 or gddr6 has 6gb. Otherwise, it should have at least a 6 core cpu of the intel variant, but in ider eube 6 core cpu of the ryzen variant, but at least 2000-4000 series. Otherwise, you are welcome to ask me for personal advice, or ask if a laptop is good.