Apple ID on laptop?

Hi (Yeah, I know I'm asking a lot about iPhones, Apple and stuff right now)

I wanted to ask, can you enter your Apple ID on a Mac laptop, and then access your phone from there, or does it work on iCloud?

What do you mean by "access"? Data exchange between mac and iPhone works via iTunes (no Apple ID needed) or iCloud (of course Apple ID required). What other access do you mean?

Why do you need "access" to your mobile phone? Did you lose it?

No, the Apple ID identifies the devices registered to you. "Access" can be obtained via AirDrop or iCloud or via apps from other providers such as TeamViewer.

If you enter your Apple ID when setting up a Mac, you can access apps and content such as chats, emails, documents, contacts, etc., stored on your iPhone from the Mac. This access is via iCloud and can be personalized by you, depending on what content you want synced on your Apple devices. You can also use the Find My iPhone feature on the Mac if you have previously enabled it.

If you mean access in the sense of complete operation like a kind of remote control or emulator, I have to deny it. This is only possible via third-party apps like Teamviewer.