I bought an external graphics card adapter that gets its data with pcie mini. I ordered it for my laptop, but does the adapter work even if I connect the pcie mini to the mainbort via a Wi-Fi card converter (pcie mini to usb 3.0)?
In short: Mainboard / USB 3.0 / pcie mini / grakka adapter / graphics card
I don't think it works. And if only then with a lot of loss.
USB is actually not there to connect graphics cards. I would rather look for a PCIe Mini to VGA or HDMI or DisplayPort adapter that could work better.
You can find YouTube tutorials on the subject.
External graphics cards are best connected via USB C Thunderbird 3, everything else is handicraft.
If I remember correctly, you have to remove the WLAN module for your variant, this will invalidate the manufacturer's warranty.
With my current laptop, I made sure that this Thunderbird 3 has USB C to use it for a long time.