Windows didn't necessarily destroy itself. But my laptop shut down because the battery was empty. I connected it and started it up. Something was standing there, the PC has to be repaired and that some file is missing. After a restart my laptop booted. But how did that come about? I'm interested in that.
Something was probably not written correctly into the memory when shutting down and the next time there was a problem.
Windows was probably in the process of writing any updates to the hard drive and was just starting to overwrite the old version of such a file. If the write process is interrupted prematurely by a radical shutdown, the file, which is only overwritten with new content, is no longer readable.
Create a Windows 10 USB boot stick on another computer. Simply download the Media Creation Tool from the Microsoft website. First insert an empty formatted stick and then start the tool. The Media Creation Tool also puts the latest updates on the stick.
After the stick has been created, simply boot it on the affected laptop. It can be used to repair Windows 10 or to reinstall it cleanly.
After a restart, Windows had worked again. The laptop went out while I made my stick bootable.
