Can my parents take something away from me that I bought with my money?

My parents, especially my father, are extremely control addicts. As soon as they find out that I have my cell phone, they take it away from me, even though I have no games and use it almost exclusively for school. I don't know why they do that because I'm pretty good at school (last average grade: 1.2). I also help a lot with the house and, unlike my siblings, I never bother my parents. But if I do something wrong, it is immediately the cell phone to blame, even though I use it much less than others my age. Strangely enough, a laptop is okay all day.

I got the cell phone about 2 years ago and it's rubbish anyway, Samsung J3. That's why I want to buy a new, better cell phone with the money I have earned. I read that my parents won't be able to take my cell phone away, right?

I'm sick of taking photos of my homework in secret and in constant fear to send them to my teachers.

Thanks in advance for your help, feel free to leave other advice and comments.

Restricting it but removing it completely or destroying it is not allowed

Yes, it is part of education. Even if it's unfair.
I'm going to assume that you are under 18.

Your parents may temporarily take things away from you as an educational measure, even if it is your property and you bought it with your own money. However, you are not allowed to damage it, sell it or use it yourself without your consent.

Can my parents take something away from me that I bought with my money?

If you are under 18 yes. You mustn't throw it away, you have to pick it up. Over the age of 18 they are not allowed to take anything away from you - but they can forbid you, e.g. To use your cell phone in their house or to charge it with electricity. Then, although you have the cell phone, it is almost useless

I'm always fed up with it
secretly and in constant fear
Taking photos of my homework to send to my teachers.

why are you doing this secretly too? Otherwise, get your parents and tell them you need to take a picture of your homework. They are welcome to watch you do it and send it.
If you were to secretly take photos and send it, I would not believe you as a mom that they were just photos of homework.

My parents have NEVER seen myself doing something bad with my cell phone (neither do I lol). For whatever reason, you just mind that I'm even holding it in my hand, no matter what I'm doing. You also "caught" me doing my homework earlier. I don't know if that might be. Nh is illness or something

Yes, until you are 18 years old, you can.