Set the Rode Nt1A correctly (interference)?

I've been making music for a while and I have a lot of fun with it. So far I have simply connected a cheap microphone (which does not need 48V) to my audio interface (Presonus), set the level correctly and everything worked.

Now I wanted to improve my quality and so I bought the Rode NT-1A, set up a studio, etc. The microphone needs 48V phantom power, which is configured in my interface. Only when I have connected the microphone and press the button for the 48V are there exaggerated background noises. "Such a beep, as if there were electronic devices or interference signals. But this can't be because I have turned off my cell phone and laptop Wi-Fi and Bluetooth.
I would like to know why and finally start making music with my new microphone…

can someone help me?

Maybe feedback. So that the sound from your speakers or headphones ends up in the microphone again and then multiplies. There can be many sources of noise. Defective cables, defective interface, etc.

Which interface do you have? Does it have its own power supply unit or is it supplied with voltage via USB? Does it help if you disconnect the laptop on which the interface is attached from the power supply and operate the whole thing via battery? Have you ever disconnected all devices from the laptop that you do not need and also all devices including their power supply units that you do not need from the mains?

Disturbances don't have to go through the air; that is also possible via cable.

Do you have boxes plugged in? Feedback. You got a very sensitive studio microphone that feeds back very quickly. Time to use headphones.

Gain is not turned up too high? The LED should only flash a tiny bit on the loudest sung parts. Control the rest of the volume

Otherwise, see what KarlKlammer suggests