Is there still salvation?

It's about my laptop, specifically the headphone jack. The plug no longer stays in the position by itself that it gets in contact so that I can hear headphones. It works if I put some pressure on the connector, but pressing the connector into position with my thumb all the time isn't so great in the long run. Can you do something there, do you know a Mc Gyver trick or can the socket be exchanged or who does something like that apart from the manufacturer (who certainly demands three times as much)?

See if there's dust / lint in the socket that is preventing the plug from snapping into place. Alternatively, if the socket is defective / worn out, you can use USB headphones. New headphones are likely to be cheaper than repairing the laptop.

Is it possible to somehow connect normal headphones with a USB cable or a USB plug?

Get a USB sound card and you will solve the problem easily: https://www.google.de/...Soundkarte

There are normal headphones with a USB port. I don't know whether there are adapters from 3.5 mm jack to USB. But a search engine will help.